How do I identify the audience in technical writing?

Identifying the Audience in Technical Writing

Definition:
In technical writing, the audience refers to the specific group of people for whom the document is intended. Identifying the audience means understanding their background, needs, expectations, and level of expertise so that the content is clear, relevant, and accessible.

Steps to Identify the Audience

1. Determine Audience Type:
• Expert: Has deep technical knowledge.
• Technician: Needs practical instructions.
• Manager/Decision Maker: Focuses on implications and summaries.
• General/Public: Limited technical background.
• Assess Audience Knowledge:
• What do they already know?
• What do they need to learn from your document?
• Identify Audience Needs and Goals:

Worked Example

Suppose you are writing a user manual for a new software tool.

Step 1: List Possible Audiences

Step 2: Analyze Their Knowledge

Step 3: Match Content to Audience

Suppose you want to explain how to install the software.
For end-users, avoid technical jargon:

"Execute the installation script using the command line:
$$ ./install.sh $$
"

"Double-click the 'Install' icon and follow the on-screen instructions."

Takeaways